diff --git a/src/common/backend/parser/gram.y b/src/common/backend/parser/gram.y
index f4314166823003179eb03ea1a6fab9693b004b39..5bd6d02cf7833cd5fa2cf090ea6633fdefb91c29 100644
--- a/src/common/backend/parser/gram.y
+++ b/src/common/backend/parser/gram.y
@@ -280,6 +280,15 @@ static Node *MakeSqlLoadNode(char *colname);
 static void checkDeleteRelationError();
 static TypeName *ParseFloatByExtentedPrecision(int ival, int location, core_yyscan_t yyscanner);
 static void CheckTypmodScale(List* arglist, int location, core_yyscan_t yyscanner);
+static bool manual_expression_tree_walker(Node* node, bool (*walker)(Node*, void*), void* context);
+static bool check_column_ref(Node *node, void *context);
+static bool contains_column_ref(Node *expr);
+static bool contains_sublink(Node *expr);
+static bool check_sublink(Node *node, void *context);
+static bool contains_funccall(Node *expr);
+static bool check_funccall(Node *node, void *context);
+static bool contains_typecast(Node *expr);
+static bool check_typecast(Node *node, void *context);
 
 /* start with .. connect by related utilities */
 static bool IsConnectByRootIdent(Node* node);
@@ -678,7 +687,7 @@ static void contain_unsupport_node(Node* node, bool* has_unsupport_default_node)
 %type <node>	def_arg columnElem where_clause where_or_current_clause start_with_expr connect_by_expr
                                 a_expr b_expr c_expr c_expr_noparen AexprConst indirection_el siblings_clause
                                 columnref in_expr start_with_clause having_clause func_table array_expr set_ident_expr set_expr set_expr_extension
-				ExclusionWhereClause func_table_with_table default_on_err_expr
+				ExclusionWhereClause func_table_with_table
 %type <list>	ExclusionConstraintList ExclusionConstraintElem
 %type <list>	func_arg_list
 %type <node>	func_arg_expr on_error_clause opt_on_error_clause
@@ -29320,7 +29329,16 @@ func_application_special:	func_name '(' ')'
 
 					FuncCall *n = makeNode(FuncCall);
                     n->funcname = $1;
-
+					if (contains_column_ref($5)||contains_sublink($5)||contains_funccall($5)||contains_typecast($5)){
+						ereport(ERROR,
+						       (errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
+							   errmsg("This argument must be a literal or bind variable."),parser_errposition(@5)));
+        				}
+					if (!IsA($5, A_Const) && !IsA($5, A_Expr) && !IsA($5, ParamRef)) {
+						ereport(ERROR,
+						       (errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
+							   errmsg("This argument must be a literal or bind variable."),parser_errposition(@5)));
+					}
                     n->args = lappend($3, $5);
 					// is DEFAULT gramy
 					n->args = lappend(n->args, makeBoolAConst(TRUE, -1));
@@ -29353,6 +29371,16 @@ func_application_special:	func_name '(' ')'
 					FuncCall *n = makeNode(FuncCall);
                     n->funcname = $1;
 
+					if (contains_column_ref($5)||contains_sublink($5)||contains_funccall($5)||contains_typecast($5)){
+						ereport(ERROR,
+						       (errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
+							   errmsg("This argument must be a literal or bind variable."),parser_errposition(@5)));
+        				}
+					if (!IsA($5, A_Const) && !IsA($5, A_Expr) && !IsA($5, ParamRef)) {
+						ereport(ERROR,
+						       (errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
+							   errmsg("This argument must be a literal or bind variable."),parser_errposition(@5)));
+					}
 					// args:
 					//   input_expr, default_val,
 					//   is DEFAULT gramy, default expr is column ref,
@@ -29383,6 +29411,16 @@ func_application_special:	func_name '(' ')'
 					FuncCall *n = makeNode(FuncCall);
                     n->funcname = $1;
 
+					if (contains_column_ref($5)||contains_sublink($5)||contains_funccall($5)||contains_typecast($5)){
+						ereport(ERROR,
+						       (errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
+							   errmsg("This argument must be a literal or bind variable."),parser_errposition(@5)));
+        				}
+					if (!IsA($5, A_Const) && !IsA($5, A_Expr) && !IsA($5, ParamRef)) {
+						ereport(ERROR,
+						       (errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
+							   errmsg("This argument must be a literal or bind variable."),parser_errposition(@5)));
+					}
 					// args: 
 					//   input_expr, default_val,
 					//   is DEFAULT gramy, default expr is column ref,
@@ -29879,12 +29917,52 @@ func_expr_common_subexpr:
 				{ $$ = makeTypeCast($3, $5, $6, NULL, NULL, @1); }
 			| CAST '(' a_expr AS Typename opt_default_fmt_clause opt_default_nls_clause ')'
 				{ $$ = makeTypeCast($3, $5, $6, $7, NULL, @1); }											
-			| CAST '(' a_expr AS Typename default_on_err_expr opt_default_fmt_clause ')'
-				{ $$ = makeTypeCast($3, $5, $7, NULL, $6, @1); }	
-			| CAST '(' a_expr AS Typename default_on_err_expr opt_default_fmt_clause opt_default_nls_clause ')'
-				{ $$ = makeTypeCast($3, $5, $7, $8, $6, @1); }
-			| CAST '(' a_expr AS Typename default_on_err_expr ')'
-				{ $$ = makeTypeCast($3, $5, NULL, NULL, $6, @1); }	
+			| CAST '(' a_expr AS Typename DEFAULT a_expr ON CONVERSION_P ERROR_P opt_default_fmt_clause ')'
+				{
+					if (contains_column_ref($7)||contains_sublink($7)||contains_funccall($7)||contains_typecast($7)){
+						ereport(ERROR,
+						       (errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
+							   errmsg("This argument must be a literal or bind variable."),parser_errposition(@7)));
+        				}
+					if (!IsA($7, A_Const) && !IsA($7, A_Expr) && !IsA($7, ParamRef)) {
+						ereport(ERROR,
+						       (errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
+							   errmsg("This argument must be a literal or bind variable."),parser_errposition(@7)));
+					}
+					$$ = makeTypeCast($3, $5, $11, NULL, $7, @1);
+				}	
+			| CAST '(' a_expr AS Typename DEFAULT a_expr ON CONVERSION_P ERROR_P opt_default_fmt_clause opt_default_nls_clause ')'
+				{
+					if (contains_column_ref($7)||contains_sublink($7)||contains_funccall($7)||contains_typecast($7)){
+						ereport(ERROR,
+						       (errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
+							   errmsg("This argument must be a literal or bind variable."),parser_errposition(@7)));
+        				}
+					if (!IsA($7, A_Const) && !IsA($7, A_Expr) && !IsA($7, ParamRef)) {
+						ereport(ERROR,
+						       (errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
+							   errmsg("This argument must be a literal or bind variable."),parser_errposition(@7)));
+					}
+					$$ = makeTypeCast($3, $5, $11, NULL, $7, @1);
+				}
+			| CAST '(' a_expr AS Typename DEFAULT a_expr ON CONVERSION_P ERROR_P ')'
+				{ 
+					if (contains_column_ref($7)||contains_sublink($7)||contains_funccall($7)||contains_typecast($7)){
+						ereport(ERROR,
+						       (errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
+							   errmsg("This argument must be a literal or bind variable."),parser_errposition(@7)));
+					if (contains_column_ref($7)||contains_sublink($7)||contains_funccall($7)){
+						ereport(ERROR,
+						       (errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
+							   errmsg("This argument must be a literal or bind variable."),parser_errposition(@5)));
+        				}
+					if (!IsA($7, A_Const)  && !IsA($7, A_Expr) && !IsA($7, ParamRef)) {
+						ereport(ERROR,
+						       (errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
+							   errmsg("This argument must be a literal or bind variable."),parser_errposition(@7)));
+					}
+					$$ = makeTypeCast($3, $5, NULL, NULL, $7, @1); 
+				}	
 			| EXTRACT '(' extract_list ')'
 				{
 					FuncCall *n = makeNode(FuncCall);
@@ -30193,11 +30271,6 @@ func_expr_common_subexpr:
 				}
 		;
 
-default_on_err_expr:
-	DEFAULT a_expr ON CONVERSION_P ERROR_P {
-		$$ = $2;
-	}
-	;
 /*
  * SQL/XML support
  */
@@ -34926,18 +34999,100 @@ static char* IdentResolveToChar(char *ident, core_yyscan_t yyscanner)
 	}
 }
 
+static bool manual_expression_tree_walker(Node* node, bool (*walker)(Node*, void*), void* context)
+{
+    if (node == NULL)
+        return false;
+
+    if (walker(node, context))
+        return true;
+
+    if (IsA(node, A_Expr)) {
+        A_Expr *expr = (A_Expr *) node;
 
+        if (expr->lexpr && manual_expression_tree_walker(expr->lexpr, walker, context))
+            return true;
 
-void contain_unsupport_node(Node* node, bool* has_unsupport_default_node)
+        if (expr->rexpr && manual_expression_tree_walker(expr->rexpr, walker, context))
+            return true;
+    }
+
+    return false;
+}
+
+static bool check_column_ref(Node *node, void *context)
 {
-    if (node != NULL && IsA(node, ColumnRef)) {
-		*has_unsupport_default_node = true;
-		return;
+    if (node == NULL)
+        return false;
+
+    if (IsA(node, ColumnRef)) {
+        return true;
     }
-    (void)raw_expression_tree_walker(node, (bool (*)())contain_unsupport_node, (void*)has_unsupport_default_node);
+
+    return false;
+}
+
+static bool check_sublink(Node *node, void *context)
+{
+    if (node == NULL)
+        return false;
+
+    if (IsA(node, SubLink)) {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    return false;
+}
+
+static bool check_funccall(Node *node, void *context)
+{
+    if (node == NULL)
+        return false;
+
+    if (IsA(node, FuncCall)) {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    return false;
+}
+
+static bool check_typecast(Node *node, void *context)
+{
+    if (node == NULL)
+        return false;
+
+    if (IsA(node, TypeCast))
+    {
+        TypeCast *typeCast = (TypeCast *) node;
+        
+        if (typeCast->arg && !IsA(typeCast->arg, A_Const))
+        {
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return false;
+}
+
+static bool contains_column_ref(Node *expr)
+{
+    return manual_expression_tree_walker(expr, check_column_ref, NULL);
 }
 
+static bool contains_sublink(Node *expr)
+{
+    return manual_expression_tree_walker(expr, check_sublink, NULL);
+}
 
+static bool contains_funccall(Node *expr)
+{
+    return manual_expression_tree_walker(expr, check_funccall, NULL);
+}
+
+static bool contains_typecast(Node *expr)
+{
+    return manual_expression_tree_walker(expr, check_typecast, NULL);
+}
 /*
  * Must undefine this stuff before including scan.c, since it has different
  * definitions for these macros.
diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/cast.out b/src/test/regress/expected/cast.out
index 2c7e489253b26de60efd4e4fbe723061dae1f366..acc489904a69e0b5f0e70fef19fbaf8a6cbca85b 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/expected/cast.out
+++ b/src/test/regress/expected/cast.out
@@ -3534,3 +3534,70 @@ SELECT cast ('01-Dec-03 14:10:10.123000' as timestamp DEFAULT '11-Dec-11 14:10:1
  2001-12-03 14:10:10.123
 (1 row)
 
+--cast
+drop table tnb;
+ERROR:  table "tnb" does not exist
+create table tnb(num varchar2(40));
+insert into tnb values('123');
+select * from tnb;
+ num 
+-----
+ 123
+(1 row)
+
+select cast('asd' as numeric default num on conversion error)from tnb;
+ERROR:  This argument must be a literal or bind variable.
+LINE 1: select cast('asd' as numeric default num on conversion error...
+                                             ^
+select cast('asd' as numeric default num||'123' on conversion error)from tnb;
+ERROR:  This argument must be a literal or bind variable.
+LINE 1: select cast('asd' as numeric default num||'123' on conversio...
+                                             ^
+select cast('asd' as numeric default to_char(num)||'123' on conversion error)from tnb;
+ERROR:  This argument must be a literal or bind variable.
+LINE 1: select cast('asd' as numeric default to_char(num)||'123' on ...
+                                             ^
+select cast('asd' as numeric default num::text||'123' on conversion error)from tnb;
+ERROR:  This argument must be a literal or bind variable.
+LINE 1: select cast('asd' as numeric default num::text||'123' on con...
+                                             ^
+select cast('asd' as numeric default (num::text)::text||'123' on conversion error)from tnb;
+ERROR:  This argument must be a literal or bind variable.
+LINE 1: select cast('asd' as numeric default (num::text)::text||'123...
+                                             ^
+select cast('asd' as numeric default ('123'::text)::text||'123' on conversion error)from tnb;
+ERROR:  This argument must be a literal or bind variable.
+LINE 1: select cast('asd' as numeric default ('123'::text)::text||'1...
+                                             ^
+select cast('asd' as numeric default '123'::text||'123' on conversion error)from tnb;
+ numeric 
+---------
+  123123
+(1 row)
+
+drop table tnb;
+--参数引用
+drop table employees;
+CREATE TABLE employees (
+                           id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
+                           name TEXT NOT NULL,
+                           age INT NOT NULL
+);
+NOTICE:  CREATE TABLE will create implicit sequence "employees_id_seq" for serial column "employees.id"
+NOTICE:  CREATE TABLE / PRIMARY KEY will create implicit index "employees_pkey" for table "employees"
+PREPARE insert_employee1 (TEXT, INT) AS
+INSERT INTO employees (name, age) VALUES (cast('asd' as numeric default $1 on conversion error), $2);
+PREPARE insert_employee2 (TEXT, INT) AS
+INSERT INTO employees (name, age) VALUES (cast('asd' as numeric default $1||'123' on conversion error), $2);
+EXECUTE insert_employee1('123', 30);
+EXECUTE insert_employee2('123', 28);
+DEALLOCATE insert_employee1;
+DEALLOCATE insert_employee2;
+SELECT * FROM employees;
+ id |  name  | age 
+----+--------+-----
+  1 | 123    |  30
+  2 | 123123 |  28
+(2 rows)
+
+drop table employees;
diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/func_to_binary_float.out b/src/test/regress/expected/func_to_binary_float.out
index 838f0cec22c03b32549675315a0298ae11ed91fb..bdd1f66d767cbd6f8867891556af9e51289a7b49 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/expected/func_to_binary_float.out
+++ b/src/test/regress/expected/func_to_binary_float.out
@@ -177,18 +177,9 @@ SELECT TO_BINARY_FLOAT(c1 DEFAULT NULL ON CONVERSION ERROR) FROM tbf ORDER By c1
 (8 rows)
 
 SELECT TO_BINARY_FLOAT(3.14 DEFAULT c1 ON CONVERSION ERROR) FROM tbf ORDER By c1;  -- error, column can't be default param
- to_binary_float 
------------------
-            3.14
-            3.14
-            3.14
-            3.14
-            3.14
-            3.14
-            3.14
-            3.14
-(8 rows)
-
+ERROR:  This argument must be a literal or bind variable.
+LINE 1: SELECT TO_BINARY_FLOAT(3.14 DEFAULT c1 ON CONVERSION ERROR) ...
+                                            ^
 SELECT TO_BINARY_FLOAT(c2 DEFAULT 3.14 ON CONVERSION ERROR) FROM tbf ORDER By c1;
  to_binary_float 
 -----------------
@@ -466,73 +457,29 @@ ERROR:  number overflow at or near "1.79E+309"
 LINE 1: SELECT TO_BINARY_FLOAT(1.79E+309 DEFAULT y ON CONVERSION ERR...
                                ^
 SELECT TO_BINARY_FLOAT(c3 DEFAULT c4 ON CONVERSION ERROR) FROM tbf ORDER By c1;
- to_binary_float 
------------------
-            1.23
-         3.14157
-     2.02405e+11
-                
-                
-             NaN
-        Infinity
-        Infinity
-(8 rows)
-
+ERROR:  This argument must be a literal or bind variable.
+LINE 1: SELECT TO_BINARY_FLOAT(c3 DEFAULT c4 ON CONVERSION ERROR) FR...
+                                          ^
 SELECT TO_BINARY_FLOAT(c4 DEFAULT c3 ON CONVERSION ERROR) FROM tbf ORDER By c1; -- error
-ERROR:  default argument must be a literal or bind
-CONTEXT:  referenced column: to_binary_float
+ERROR:  This argument must be a literal or bind variable.
+LINE 1: SELECT TO_BINARY_FLOAT(c4 DEFAULT c3 ON CONVERSION ERROR) FR...
+                                          ^
 SELECT TO_BINARY_FLOAT(3.14 DEFAULT c3 ON CONVERSION ERROR) FROM tbf ORDER By c1;
- to_binary_float 
------------------
-            3.14
-            3.14
-            3.14
-            3.14
-            3.14
-            3.14
-            3.14
-            3.14
-(8 rows)
-
+ERROR:  This argument must be a literal or bind variable.
+LINE 1: SELECT TO_BINARY_FLOAT(3.14 DEFAULT c3 ON CONVERSION ERROR) ...
+                                            ^
 SELECT TO_BINARY_FLOAT(3.14 DEFAULT c4 ON CONVERSION ERROR) FROM tbf ORDER By c1;
- to_binary_float 
------------------
-            3.14
-            3.14
-            3.14
-            3.14
-            3.14
-            3.14
-            3.14
-            3.14
-(8 rows)
-
+ERROR:  This argument must be a literal or bind variable.
+LINE 1: SELECT TO_BINARY_FLOAT(3.14 DEFAULT c4 ON CONVERSION ERROR) ...
+                                            ^
 SELECT TO_BINARY_FLOAT(3.14E+100 DEFAULT c3 ON CONVERSION ERROR) FROM tbf ORDER By c1;
- to_binary_float 
------------------
-        Infinity
-        Infinity
-        Infinity
-        Infinity
-        Infinity
-        Infinity
-        Infinity
-        Infinity
-(8 rows)
-
+ERROR:  This argument must be a literal or bind variable.
+LINE 1: SELECT TO_BINARY_FLOAT(3.14E+100 DEFAULT c3 ON CONVERSION ER...
+                                                 ^
 SELECT TO_BINARY_FLOAT(3.14E+100 DEFAULT c4 ON CONVERSION ERROR) FROM tbf ORDER By c1;
- to_binary_float 
------------------
-        Infinity
-        Infinity
-        Infinity
-        Infinity
-        Infinity
-        Infinity
-        Infinity
-        Infinity
-(8 rows)
-
+ERROR:  This argument must be a literal or bind variable.
+LINE 1: SELECT TO_BINARY_FLOAT(3.14E+100 DEFAULT c4 ON CONVERSION ER...
+                                                 ^
 SELECT TO_BINARY_FLOAT(3.14E+400 DEFAULT c3 ON CONVERSION ERROR) FROM tbf ORDER By c1; -- overflow
 ERROR:  number overflow at or near "3.14E+400"
 LINE 1: SELECT TO_BINARY_FLOAT(3.14E+400 DEFAULT c3 ON CONVERSION ER...
@@ -542,29 +489,37 @@ ERROR:  number overflow at or near "3.14E+400"
 LINE 1: SELECT TO_BINARY_FLOAT(3.14E+400 DEFAULT c4 ON CONVERSION ER...
                                ^
 SELECT TO_BINARY_FLOAT('3.14' DEFAULT c3 ON CONVERSION ERROR) FROM tbf ORDER By c1; -- error
-ERROR:  default argument must be a literal or bind
-CONTEXT:  referenced column: to_binary_float
+ERROR:  This argument must be a literal or bind variable.
+LINE 1: SELECT TO_BINARY_FLOAT('3.14' DEFAULT c3 ON CONVERSION ERROR...
+                                              ^
 SELECT TO_BINARY_FLOAT('3.14' DEFAULT c4 ON CONVERSION ERROR) FROM tbf ORDER By c1; -- error
-ERROR:  default argument must be a literal or bind
-CONTEXT:  referenced column: to_binary_float
+ERROR:  This argument must be a literal or bind variable.
+LINE 1: SELECT TO_BINARY_FLOAT('3.14' DEFAULT c4 ON CONVERSION ERROR...
+                                              ^
 SELECT TO_BINARY_FLOAT('3.14E+100' DEFAULT c3 ON CONVERSION ERROR) FROM tbf ORDER By c1; -- error
-ERROR:  default argument must be a literal or bind
-CONTEXT:  referenced column: to_binary_float
+ERROR:  This argument must be a literal or bind variable.
+LINE 1: SELECT TO_BINARY_FLOAT('3.14E+100' DEFAULT c3 ON CONVERSION ...
+                                                   ^
 SELECT TO_BINARY_FLOAT('3.14E+100' DEFAULT c4 ON CONVERSION ERROR) FROM tbf ORDER By c1; -- error
-ERROR:  default argument must be a literal or bind
-CONTEXT:  referenced column: to_binary_float
+ERROR:  This argument must be a literal or bind variable.
+LINE 1: SELECT TO_BINARY_FLOAT('3.14E+100' DEFAULT c4 ON CONVERSION ...
+                                                   ^
 SELECT TO_BINARY_FLOAT('3.14E+400' DEFAULT c3 ON CONVERSION ERROR) FROM tbf ORDER By c1; -- error
-ERROR:  default argument must be a literal or bind
-CONTEXT:  referenced column: to_binary_float
+ERROR:  This argument must be a literal or bind variable.
+LINE 1: SELECT TO_BINARY_FLOAT('3.14E+400' DEFAULT c3 ON CONVERSION ...
+                                                   ^
 SELECT TO_BINARY_FLOAT('3.14E+400' DEFAULT c4 ON CONVERSION ERROR) FROM tbf ORDER By c1; -- error
-ERROR:  default argument must be a literal or bind
-CONTEXT:  referenced column: to_binary_float
+ERROR:  This argument must be a literal or bind variable.
+LINE 1: SELECT TO_BINARY_FLOAT('3.14E+400' DEFAULT c4 ON CONVERSION ...
+                                                   ^
 SELECT TO_BINARY_FLOAT(NULL DEFAULT c3 ON CONVERSION ERROR) FROM tbf ORDER BY c1; -- error
-ERROR:  default argument must be a literal or bind
-CONTEXT:  referenced column: to_binary_float
+ERROR:  This argument must be a literal or bind variable.
+LINE 1: SELECT TO_BINARY_FLOAT(NULL DEFAULT c3 ON CONVERSION ERROR) ...
+                                            ^
 SELECT TO_BINARY_FLOAT(NULL DEFAULT c4 ON CONVERSION ERROR) FROM tbf ORDER BY c1; -- error
-ERROR:  default argument must be a literal or bind
-CONTEXT:  referenced column: to_binary_float
+ERROR:  This argument must be a literal or bind variable.
+LINE 1: SELECT TO_BINARY_FLOAT(NULL DEFAULT c4 ON CONVERSION ERROR) ...
+                                            ^
 SELECT TO_BINARY_FLOAT(3.14E+400 DEFAULT ab ON CONVERSION ERROR) FROM tbf ORDER BY c1; -- overflow
 ERROR:  number overflow at or near "3.14E+400"
 LINE 1: SELECT TO_BINARY_FLOAT(3.14E+400 DEFAULT ab ON CONVERSION ER...
@@ -674,6 +629,73 @@ SELECT TO_BINARY_FLOAT(NULL DEFAULT '1.79769313486231E+310' ON CONVERSION ERROR)
                 
 (1 row)
 
+--to_binary_float
+drop table tnb;
+ERROR:  table "tnb" does not exist
+create table tnb(num varchar2(40));
+insert into tnb values('123');
+select * from tnb;
+ num 
+-----
+ 123
+(1 row)
+
+select to_binary_float('asd' default num on conversion error)from tnb;
+ERROR:  This argument must be a literal or bind variable.
+LINE 1: select to_binary_float('asd' default num on conversion error...
+                                             ^
+select to_binary_float('asd' default num||'123' on conversion error)from tnb;
+ERROR:  This argument must be a literal or bind variable.
+LINE 1: select to_binary_float('asd' default num||'123' on conversio...
+                                             ^
+select to_binary_float('asd' default to_char(num)||'123' on conversion error)from tnb;
+ERROR:  This argument must be a literal or bind variable.
+LINE 1: select to_binary_float('asd' default to_char(num)||'123' on ...
+                                             ^
+select to_binary_float('asd' default num::text||'123' on conversion error)from tnb;
+ERROR:  This argument must be a literal or bind variable.
+LINE 1: select to_binary_float('asd' default num::text||'123' on con...
+                                             ^
+select to_binary_float('asd' default (num::text)::text||'123' on conversion error)from tnb;
+ERROR:  This argument must be a literal or bind variable.
+LINE 1: select to_binary_float('asd' default (num::text)::text||'123...
+                                             ^
+select to_binary_float('asd' default ('123'::text)::text||'123' on conversion error)from tnb;
+ERROR:  This argument must be a literal or bind variable.
+LINE 1: select to_binary_float('asd' default ('123'::text)::text||'1...
+                                             ^
+select to_binary_float('asd' default '123'::text||'123' on conversion error)from tnb;
+ to_binary_float 
+-----------------
+          123123
+(1 row)
+
+drop table tnb;
+--参数引用
+drop table employees;
+ERROR:  table "employees" does not exist
+CREATE TABLE employees (
+                           id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
+                           name TEXT NOT NULL,
+                           age INT NOT NULL
+);
+NOTICE:  CREATE TABLE will create implicit sequence "employees_id_seq" for serial column "employees.id"
+NOTICE:  CREATE TABLE / PRIMARY KEY will create implicit index "employees_pkey" for table "employees"
+PREPARE insert_employee1 (TEXT, INT) AS
+INSERT INTO employees (name, age) VALUES (to_binary_float('asd' default $1 on conversion error), $2);
+PREPARE insert_employee2 (TEXT, INT) AS
+INSERT INTO employees (name, age) VALUES (to_binary_float('asd' default $1||'123' on conversion error), $2);
+EXECUTE insert_employee1('123', 30);
+EXECUTE insert_employee2('123', 28);
+DEALLOCATE insert_employee1;
+DEALLOCATE insert_employee2;
+SELECT * FROM employees;
+ id |  name  | age 
+----+--------+-----
+  1 | 123    |  30
+  2 | 123123 |  28
+(2 rows)
+
 -- test zero
 SELECT TO_BINARY_FLOAT(0);
  to_binary_float 
@@ -829,3 +851,4 @@ DROP TABLE tbf;
 DROP TABLE tbf2;
 DROP TABLE t_ne;
 drop schema if exists func_tbf cascade;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table employees
diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/to_number_default.out b/src/test/regress/expected/to_number_default.out
index 47eba3240b6ab5742e1f040fb3c79efd26b7a3e3..90051b704ada8b85b98ea0e426a45b87e01786a3 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/expected/to_number_default.out
+++ b/src/test/regress/expected/to_number_default.out
@@ -257,20 +257,13 @@ SELECT TO_NUMBER(c1 DEFAULT NULL ON CONVERSION ERROR) FROM tonumber ORDER By c1;
 (7 rows)
 
 SELECT TO_NUMBER('abd' DEFAULT c1 ON CONVERSION ERROR) FROM tonumber ORDER By c1;  -- error， Default param can't be ColumnRef
-ERROR:  default argument must be a literal or bind
-CONTEXT:  referenced column: to_number
+ERROR:  This argument must be a literal or bind variable.
+LINE 1: SELECT TO_NUMBER('abd' DEFAULT c1 ON CONVERSION ERROR) FROM ...
+                                       ^
 SELECT TO_NUMBER(3.14 DEFAULT c1 ON CONVERSION ERROR) FROM tonumber ORDER By c1;  -- error， Default param can't be ColumnRef
- to_number 
------------
-      3.14
-      3.14
-      3.14
-      3.14
-      3.14
-      3.14
-      3.14
-(7 rows)
-
+ERROR:  This argument must be a literal or bind variable.
+LINE 1: SELECT TO_NUMBER(3.14 DEFAULT c1 ON CONVERSION ERROR) FROM t...
+                                      ^
 SELECT to_number('<1234>' DEFAULT 999 ON CONVERSION ERROR,'PR9999999');
 ERROR:  "9" must be ahead of "PR"
 CONTEXT:  referenced column: to_number
@@ -845,20 +838,13 @@ SELECT TO_NUMBER(c1 DEFAULT NULL ON CONVERSION ERROR, '99D999') FROM tonumber OR
 (7 rows)
 
 SELECT TO_NUMBER('abd' DEFAULT c1 ON CONVERSION ERROR, '99D999') FROM tonumber ORDER By c1;  -- error， Default param can't be ColumnRef
-ERROR:  default argument must be a literal or bind
-CONTEXT:  referenced column: to_number
+ERROR:  This argument must be a literal or bind variable.
+LINE 1: SELECT TO_NUMBER('abd' DEFAULT c1 ON CONVERSION ERROR, '99D9...
+                                       ^
 SELECT TO_NUMBER(3.14 DEFAULT c1 ON CONVERSION ERROR, '99D999') FROM tonumber ORDER By c1;  -- error， Default param can't be ColumnRef
- to_number 
------------
-      3.14
-      3.14
-      3.14
-      3.14
-      3.14
-      3.14
-      3.14
-(7 rows)
-
+ERROR:  This argument must be a literal or bind variable.
+LINE 1: SELECT TO_NUMBER(3.14 DEFAULT c1 ON CONVERSION ERROR, '99D99...
+                                      ^
 SELECT TO_NUMBER(c2 DEFAULT 3.14 ON CONVERSION ERROR, '99D999') FROM tonumber ORDER By c1;
  to_number 
 -----------
@@ -1265,26 +1251,29 @@ select * from tnb;
 (1 row)
 
 select to_number('asd' default num on conversion error)from tnb;
-ERROR:  default argument must be a literal or bind
-CONTEXT:  referenced column: to_number
+ERROR:  This argument must be a literal or bind variable.
+LINE 1: select to_number('asd' default num on conversion error)from ...
+                                       ^
 select to_number('asd' default num||'123' on conversion error)from tnb;
-ERROR:  default argument must be a literal or bind
-CONTEXT:  referenced column: to_number
+ERROR:  This argument must be a literal or bind variable.
+LINE 1: select to_number('asd' default num||'123' on conversion erro...
+                                       ^
 select to_number('asd' default to_char(num)||'123' on conversion error)from tnb;
-ERROR:  default argument must be a literal or bind
-CONTEXT:  referenced column: to_number
+ERROR:  This argument must be a literal or bind variable.
+LINE 1: select to_number('asd' default to_char(num)||'123' on conver...
+                                       ^
 select to_number('asd' default num::text||'123' on conversion error)from tnb;
-ERROR:  default argument must be a literal or bind
-CONTEXT:  referenced column: to_number
+ERROR:  This argument must be a literal or bind variable.
+LINE 1: select to_number('asd' default num::text||'123' on conversio...
+                                       ^
 select to_number('asd' default (num::text)::text||'123' on conversion error)from tnb;
-ERROR:  default argument must be a literal or bind
-CONTEXT:  referenced column: to_number
+ERROR:  This argument must be a literal or bind variable.
+LINE 1: select to_number('asd' default (num::text)::text||'123' on c...
+                                       ^
 select to_number('asd' default ('123'::text)::text||'123' on conversion error)from tnb;
- to_number 
------------
-    123123
-(1 row)
-
+ERROR:  This argument must be a literal or bind variable.
+LINE 1: select to_number('asd' default ('123'::text)::text||'123' on...
+                                       ^
 select to_number('asd' default '123'::text||'123' on conversion error)from tnb;
  to_number 
 -----------
@@ -1292,20 +1281,31 @@ select to_number('asd' default '123'::text||'123' on conversion error)from tnb;
 (1 row)
 
 drop table tnb;
-create table tnbde(shuzi float);
-insert into tnbde values(123.123);
-insert into tnbde values(12375675);
-select to_number('asdad' default shuzi on conversion error) from tnbde;
-ERROR:  default argument must be a literal or bind
-CONTEXT:  referenced column: to_number
-select * from tnbde;
-  shuzi   
-----------
-  123.123
- 12375675
+--参数引用
+drop table employees;
+ERROR:  table "employees" does not exist
+CREATE TABLE employees (
+                           id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
+                           name TEXT NOT NULL,
+                           age INT NOT NULL
+);
+NOTICE:  CREATE TABLE will create implicit sequence "employees_id_seq" for serial column "employees.id"
+NOTICE:  CREATE TABLE / PRIMARY KEY will create implicit index "employees_pkey" for table "employees"
+PREPARE insert_employee1 (TEXT, INT) AS
+INSERT INTO employees (name, age) VALUES (to_number('asd' default $1 on conversion error), $2);
+PREPARE insert_employee2 (TEXT, INT) AS
+INSERT INTO employees (name, age) VALUES (to_number('asd' default $1||'123' on conversion error), $2);
+EXECUTE insert_employee1('123', 30);
+EXECUTE insert_employee2('123', 28);
+DEALLOCATE insert_employee1;
+DEALLOCATE insert_employee2;
+SELECT * FROM employees;
+ id |  name  | age 
+----+--------+-----
+  1 | 123    |  30
+  2 | 123123 |  28
 (2 rows)
 
-drop table tnbde;
 CREATE TABLE tonumber_exec (c1 int, func_info text, res float4);
 PREPARE default_param_text2(int, text, text) AS
     INSERT INTO tonumber_exec VALUES ($1, CONCAT('TO_NUMBER(', $2, ' DEFAULT ', $3, ' ON CONVERSION ERROR)'), TO_NUMBER($2 DEFAULT $3 ON CONVERSION ERROR));
@@ -1400,3 +1400,4 @@ SELECT * FROM tonumber_exec ORDER BY c1;
 DROP TABLE tonumber;
 DROP TABLE tonumber_exec;
 drop schema if exists func_to_number cascade;
+NOTICE:  drop cascades to table employees
diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/to_timestamp_default.out b/src/test/regress/expected/to_timestamp_default.out
index efcd1ad7b402bf1102e773925b10041b3cea6881..d341162b0dc6b901d04438fc5a7b668f502cb3f3 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/expected/to_timestamp_default.out
+++ b/src/test/regress/expected/to_timestamp_default.out
@@ -1504,6 +1504,10 @@ SELECT TO_TIMESTAMP (null DEFAULT '11-09-11 14:10:10.123000' ON CONVERSION ERROR
  
 (1 row)
 
+<<<<<<< HEAD
+--to_timestamp default
+=======
+>>>>>>> master
 drop table tspc;
 ERROR:  table "tspc" does not exist
 create table tspc(tx varchar2(40));
@@ -1515,6 +1519,27 @@ select * from tspc;
 (1 row)
 
 select to_timestamp('asd' default tx on conversion error)from tspc;
+<<<<<<< HEAD
+ERROR:  This argument must be a literal or bind variable.
+LINE 1: select to_timestamp('asd' default tx on conversion error)fro...
+                                          ^
+select to_timestamp('asd' default tx||' 13:45:22.123123' on conversion error,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss.ff')from tspc;
+ERROR:  This argument must be a literal or bind variable.
+LINE 1: select to_timestamp('asd' default tx||' 13:45:22.123123' on ...
+                                          ^
+select to_timestamp('asd' default to_char(tx)||' 13:45:22.123123' on conversion error,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss.ff')from tspc;
+ERROR:  This argument must be a literal or bind variable.
+LINE 1: select to_timestamp('asd' default to_char(tx)||' 13:45:22.12...
+                                          ^
+select to_timestamp('asd' default tx::text||' 13:45:22.123123' on conversion error,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss.ff')from tspc;
+ERROR:  This argument must be a literal or bind variable.
+LINE 1: select to_timestamp('asd' default tx::text||' 13:45:22.12312...
+                                          ^
+select to_timestamp('asd' default (tx::text)::text||' 13:45:22.123123' on conversion error,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss.ff')from tspc;
+ERROR:  This argument must be a literal or bind variable.
+LINE 1: select to_timestamp('asd' default (tx::text)::text||' 13:45:...
+                                          ^
+=======
 ERROR:  default argument must be a literal or bind
 CONTEXT:  referenced column: to_timestamp
 select to_timestamp('asd' default tx||' 13:45:22.123123' on conversion error,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss.ff')from tspc;
@@ -1529,6 +1554,7 @@ CONTEXT:  referenced column: to_timestamp
 select to_timestamp('asd' default (tx::text)::text||' 13:45:22.123123' on conversion error,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss.ff')from tspc;
 ERROR:  default argument must be a literal or bind
 CONTEXT:  referenced column: to_timestamp
+>>>>>>> master
 select to_timestamp('asd' default '2025-09-01'::text||' 13:45:22.123123' on conversion error,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss.ff')from tspc;
     to_timestamp     
 ---------------------
@@ -1536,16 +1562,28 @@ select to_timestamp('asd' default '2025-09-01'::text||' 13:45:22.123123' on conv
 (1 row)
 
 select to_timestamp('asd' default (select '2025-09-01')::text||' 13:45:22.123123' on conversion error,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss.ff')from tspc;
-    to_timestamp     
+ERROR:  This argument must be a literal or bind variable.
+LINE 1: select to_timestamp('asd' default (select '2025-09-01')::tex...
+                                          ^
+drop table tspc;
+--参数引用
+drop table employees;
+ERROR:  table "employees" does not exist
+CREATE TABLE employees (
+                           date TEXT
+);
+PREPARE insert_employee1 (TEXT) AS
+INSERT INTO employees (date) VALUES (to_timestamp('asd' default $1 on conversion error,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss.ff'));
+PREPARE insert_employee2 (TEXT) AS
+INSERT INTO employees (date) VALUES (to_timestamp('asd' default $1||' 13:45:22.123123' on conversion error,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss.ff'));
+EXECUTE insert_employee1('2025-09-01 13:45:22.123123');
+EXECUTE insert_employee2('2025-09-01');
+DEALLOCATE insert_employee1;
+DEALLOCATE insert_employee2;
+SELECT * FROM employees;
+        date         
 ---------------------
  2025-09-01 13:45:22
-(1 row)
+ 2025-09-01 13:45:22
+(2 rows)
 
-drop table tspc;
-create table tspc(tx varchar2(20));
-insert into tspc values('2025-09-01 11:24:02');
-insert into tspc values('2024-11-05 10:27:12');
-select to_timestamp('VFDVA' default tx on conversion error, 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS')from tspc;
-ERROR:  default argument must be a literal or bind
-CONTEXT:  referenced column: to_timestamp
-drop table tspc;
diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/cast.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/cast.sql
index 4d28f439f00d057e7932841bee1636ebe306a174..116d1aa15f2f68f3a719267e4d506f12e68e3c05 100755
--- a/src/test/regress/sql/cast.sql
+++ b/src/test/regress/sql/cast.sql
@@ -1150,3 +1150,40 @@ SELECT cast ('01-Sep-03 14:10:10.123000' as timestamp DEFAULT '11-Sep-11 14:10:1
 SELECT cast ('01-Oct-03 14:10:10.123000' as timestamp DEFAULT '11-Oct-11 14:10:10.123000' ON CONVERSION ERROR,'DD-Mon-RR HH24:MI:SS.FF');
 SELECT cast ('01-Nov-03 14:10:10.123000' as timestamp DEFAULT '11-Nov-11 14:10:10.123000' ON CONVERSION ERROR,'DD-Mon-RR HH24:MI:SS.FF');
 SELECT cast ('01-Dec-03 14:10:10.123000' as timestamp DEFAULT '11-Dec-11 14:10:10.123000' ON CONVERSION ERROR,'DD-Mon-RR HH24:MI:SS.FF');
+
+--cast
+drop table tnb;
+create table tnb(num varchar2(40));
+insert into tnb values('123');
+select * from tnb;
+select cast('asd' as numeric default num on conversion error)from tnb;
+select cast('asd' as numeric default num||'123' on conversion error)from tnb;
+select cast('asd' as numeric default to_char(num)||'123' on conversion error)from tnb;
+select cast('asd' as numeric default num::text||'123' on conversion error)from tnb;
+select cast('asd' as numeric default (num::text)::text||'123' on conversion error)from tnb;
+select cast('asd' as numeric default ('123'::text)::text||'123' on conversion error)from tnb;
+select cast('asd' as numeric default '123'::text||'123' on conversion error)from tnb;
+drop table tnb;
+
+--参数引用
+drop table employees;
+CREATE TABLE employees (
+                           id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
+                           name TEXT NOT NULL,
+                           age INT NOT NULL
+);
+
+PREPARE insert_employee1 (TEXT, INT) AS
+INSERT INTO employees (name, age) VALUES (cast('asd' as numeric default $1 on conversion error), $2);
+
+PREPARE insert_employee2 (TEXT, INT) AS
+INSERT INTO employees (name, age) VALUES (cast('asd' as numeric default $1||'123' on conversion error), $2);
+
+EXECUTE insert_employee1('123', 30);
+EXECUTE insert_employee2('123', 28);
+
+DEALLOCATE insert_employee1;
+DEALLOCATE insert_employee2;
+
+SELECT * FROM employees;
+drop table employees;
diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/func_to_binary_float.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/func_to_binary_float.sql
index 1ae372e89197659ea4c61e7a792751f0e5ab7111..49b7436caab4303a9cc766780b5ed68380af549e 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/sql/func_to_binary_float.sql
+++ b/src/test/regress/sql/func_to_binary_float.sql
@@ -119,6 +119,42 @@ SELECT TO_BINARY_FLOAT(NULL DEFAULT '1.79769313486231E+100' ON CONVERSION ERROR)
 SELECT TO_BINARY_FLOAT(NULL DEFAULT 1.79769313486231E+310 ON CONVERSION ERROR); -- error: overflow
 SELECT TO_BINARY_FLOAT(NULL DEFAULT '1.79769313486231E+310' ON CONVERSION ERROR); -- NULL
 
+--to_binary_float
+drop table tnb;
+create table tnb(num varchar2(40));
+insert into tnb values('123');
+select * from tnb;
+select to_binary_float('asd' default num on conversion error)from tnb;
+select to_binary_float('asd' default num||'123' on conversion error)from tnb;
+select to_binary_float('asd' default to_char(num)||'123' on conversion error)from tnb;
+select to_binary_float('asd' default num::text||'123' on conversion error)from tnb;
+select to_binary_float('asd' default (num::text)::text||'123' on conversion error)from tnb;
+select to_binary_float('asd' default ('123'::text)::text||'123' on conversion error)from tnb;
+select to_binary_float('asd' default '123'::text||'123' on conversion error)from tnb;
+drop table tnb;
+
+--参数引用
+drop table employees;
+CREATE TABLE employees (
+                           id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
+                           name TEXT NOT NULL,
+                           age INT NOT NULL
+);
+
+PREPARE insert_employee1 (TEXT, INT) AS
+INSERT INTO employees (name, age) VALUES (to_binary_float('asd' default $1 on conversion error), $2);
+
+PREPARE insert_employee2 (TEXT, INT) AS
+INSERT INTO employees (name, age) VALUES (to_binary_float('asd' default $1||'123' on conversion error), $2);
+
+EXECUTE insert_employee1('123', 30);
+EXECUTE insert_employee2('123', 28);
+
+DEALLOCATE insert_employee1;
+DEALLOCATE insert_employee2;
+
+SELECT * FROM employees;
+
 -- test zero
 SELECT TO_BINARY_FLOAT(0);
 SELECT TO_BINARY_FLOAT('test' DEFAULT 0 ON CONVERSION ERROR);
diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/to_number_default.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/to_number_default.sql
index 14c2f14d7971b62a3acf37cc0d9fcf8befabc87e..a8db32b1ab436d0271c09740bda373625167eab2 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/sql/to_number_default.sql
+++ b/src/test/regress/sql/to_number_default.sql
@@ -231,6 +231,41 @@ SELECT TO_NUMBER(NULL DEFAULT 1.79769313486231E+310 ON CONVERSION ERROR);
 SELECT TO_NUMBER(NULL DEFAULT '1.79769313486231E+310' ON CONVERSION ERROR);
 
 
+--to_number default
+drop table tnb;
+create table tnb(num varchar2(40));
+insert into tnb values('123');
+select * from tnb;
+select to_number('asd' default num on conversion error)from tnb;
+select to_number('asd' default num||'123' on conversion error)from tnb;
+select to_number('asd' default to_char(num)||'123' on conversion error)from tnb;
+select to_number('asd' default num::text||'123' on conversion error)from tnb;
+select to_number('asd' default (num::text)::text||'123' on conversion error)from tnb;
+select to_number('asd' default ('123'::text)::text||'123' on conversion error)from tnb;
+select to_number('asd' default '123'::text||'123' on conversion error)from tnb;
+drop table tnb;
+
+--参数引用
+drop table employees;
+CREATE TABLE employees (
+                           id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
+                           name TEXT NOT NULL,
+                           age INT NOT NULL
+);
+
+PREPARE insert_employee1 (TEXT, INT) AS
+INSERT INTO employees (name, age) VALUES (to_number('asd' default $1 on conversion error), $2);
+
+PREPARE insert_employee2 (TEXT, INT) AS
+INSERT INTO employees (name, age) VALUES (to_number('asd' default $1||'123' on conversion error), $2);
+
+EXECUTE insert_employee1('123', 30);
+EXECUTE insert_employee2('123', 28);
+
+DEALLOCATE insert_employee1;
+DEALLOCATE insert_employee2;
+
+SELECT * FROM employees;
 
 --to_number default
 drop table tnb;
diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/to_timestamp_default.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/to_timestamp_default.sql
index 6f2dd75aa53f4414a679c26bffd089d94fea572f..389fb29b660a5ee444e6027e59f643a48d0046ca 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/sql/to_timestamp_default.sql
+++ b/src/test/regress/sql/to_timestamp_default.sql
@@ -403,6 +403,7 @@ SELECT TO_TIMESTAMP (null DEFAULT '11-Sep-11 14:10:10.123000'on conversion error
 SELECT TO_TIMESTAMP (null DEFAULT '11-09-11 14:10:10.123000' ON CONVERSION ERROR,'DD-MM-RR HH24:MI:SS.FF') ;
 SELECT TO_TIMESTAMP (null DEFAULT '11-09-11 14:10:10.123000' ON CONVERSION ERROR,'DD-MM-RR HH24:MI:SS.FF','NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE = American') ;
 
+--to_timestamp default
 drop table tspc;
 create table tspc(tx varchar2(40));
 insert into tspc values('2025-09-01');
@@ -415,10 +416,22 @@ select to_timestamp('asd' default (tx::text)::text||' 13:45:22.123123' on conver
 select to_timestamp('asd' default '2025-09-01'::text||' 13:45:22.123123' on conversion error,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss.ff')from tspc;
 select to_timestamp('asd' default (select '2025-09-01')::text||' 13:45:22.123123' on conversion error,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss.ff')from tspc;
 drop table tspc;
+--参数引用
+drop table employees;
+CREATE TABLE employees (
+                           date TEXT
+);
 
-create table tspc(tx varchar2(20));
-insert into tspc values('2025-09-01 11:24:02');
-insert into tspc values('2024-11-05 10:27:12');
-select to_timestamp('VFDVA' default tx on conversion error, 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS')from tspc;
-drop table tspc;
+PREPARE insert_employee1 (TEXT) AS
+INSERT INTO employees (date) VALUES (to_timestamp('asd' default $1 on conversion error,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss.ff'));
+
+PREPARE insert_employee2 (TEXT) AS
+INSERT INTO employees (date) VALUES (to_timestamp('asd' default $1||' 13:45:22.123123' on conversion error,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss.ff'));
+
+EXECUTE insert_employee1('2025-09-01 13:45:22.123123');
+EXECUTE insert_employee2('2025-09-01');
+
+DEALLOCATE insert_employee1;
+DEALLOCATE insert_employee2;
 
+SELECT * FROM employees;